Suicidal Behavior and Problematic Internet Use in College Students.

BACKGROUND: Suicidal behavior, especially in young populations such as university students, is currently one of the most concerning health problems worldwide, suicide being the second leading cause of death among students. Although literature is still scarce, one of the risk factors that correlates the most with suicidal behavior in young people appears to be problematic internet use (PIU). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between PIU and suicidal behavior in a Spanish university population. METHOD: An ex post facto prospective design was used with a sample of 1,386 Spanish university students (68.7% women and 31.3% men). PIU was assessed by means of the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and psychological problems by means of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM). RESULTS: The results confirm the relationship between PIU and suicidal behavior, principally alongside those of social isolation and depression, this risk being 3.78 times higher among women with PIU and 5.58 times higher in men. CONCLUSIONS: PIU appears as a risk factor for suicidal behavior that must be taken into account together with social isolation, subjective distress and depression.

Suicidal Behavior and Problematic Internet Use in College Students / Conducta Suicida y Uso Problemático de Internet en Estudiantes Universitarios

Background: Suicidal behavior, especially in young populations such as university students, is currently one of the most concerning health problems worldwide, suicide being the second leading cause of death among students. Although literature is still scarce, one of the risk factors that correlates the most with suicidal behavior in young people appears to be problematic internet use (PIU). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between PIU and suicidal behavior in a Spanish university population. Method: An ex post facto prospective design was used with a sample of 1,386 Spanish university students (68.7% women and 31.3% men). PIU was assessed by means of the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and psychological problems by means of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM). Results: The results confirm the relationship between PIU and suicidal behavior, principally alongside those of social isolation and depression, this risk being 3.78 times higher among women with PIU and 5.58 times higher in men. Conclusions: PIU appears as a risk factor for suicidal behavior that must be taken into account together with social isolation, subjective distress and depression.(AU)

Antecedentes: La conducta suicida, sobre todo en población joven como la universitaria, es actualmente uno de los problemas de salud que más preocupa a nivel mundial, siendo el suicidio la segunda causa de muerte en esta población. Aunque la literatura aún es escasa, parece que el uso problemático de Internet (UPI) se muestra como uno de los factores de riesgo que más correlaciona con la conducta suicida en jóvenes. El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar la relación entre el UPI y la conducta suicida en población universitaria española. Método: Se utilizó un diseño prospectivo ex post facto con una muestra universitaria española de 1,386 (68.7% mujeres y 31.3% hombres), evaluando el UPI mediante el Internet Addiction Test (IAT) y los problemas psicológicos mediante el Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-Outcome Measure (CORE-OM). Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos confirman la relación existente entre el UPI y la conducta suicida, en relación también con el aislamiento social y la depresión principalmente, siendo este riesgo 3.78 veces mayor entre las mujeres con UPI y de 5.58 en hombres. Conclusiones: El UPI se presenta como un factor de riesgo para el suicido a tener en cuenta junto con el aislamiento social, la angustia subjetiva y la depresión.(AU)

Can parenting practices predict externalizing behavior problems among children with hearing impairment?

Objective: To identify possible differences in the level of externalizing behavior problems among children with and without hearing impairment and determine whether any relationship exists between this type of problem and parenting practices. Methods: The Behavior Assessment System for Children was used to evaluate externalizing variables in a sample of 118 boys and girls divided into two matched groups: 59 with hearing disorders and 59 normal-hearing controls. Results: Significant between-group differences were found in hyperactivity, behavioral problems, and externalizing problems, but not in aggression. Significant differences were also found in various aspects of parenting styles. A model for predicting externalizing behavior problems was constructed, achieving a predicted explained variance of 50%. Conclusion: Significant differences do exist between adaptation levels in children with and without hearing impairment. Parenting style also plays an important role.

Can parenting practices predict externalizing behavior problems among children with hearing impairment?

OBJECTIVE: To identify possible differences in the level of externalizing behavior problems among children with and without hearing impairment and determine whether any relationship exists between this type of problem and parenting practices. METHODS: The Behavior Assessment System for Children was used to evaluate externalizing variables in a sample of 118 boys and girls divided into two matched groups: 59 with hearing disorders and 59 normal-hearing controls. RESULTS: Significant between-group differences were found in hyperactivity, behavioral problems, and externalizing problems, but not in aggression. Significant differences were also found in various aspects of parenting styles. A model for predicting externalizing behavior problems was constructed, achieving a predicted explained variance of 50%. CONCLUSION: Significant differences do exist between adaptation levels in children with and without hearing impairment. Parenting style also plays an important role.

The effects of healing abutments of different size and anatomic shape placed immediately in extraction sockets on peri-implant hard and soft tissues. A pilot study in foxhound dogs.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this animal study was to compare the effects of narrow, concave-straight and wide anatomic healing abutments on changes to soft tissues and crestal bone levels around implants immediately placed into extraction sockets in foxhound dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight titanium implants (Bredent Medical GMBH, Germany) of the same dimensions were placed in six foxhound dogs. They were divided into two groups (n = 24): test (implants with anatomic abutment) and control (implants with concave-straight abutment). The implants were inserted randomly in the post extraction sockets of P2 , P3 , P4, and M1 bilaterally in six dogs. After eight and twelve weeks, the animals were sacrificed and samples extracted containing the implants and the surrounding soft and hard tissues. Soft tissue and crestal bone loss (CBL) were evaluated by histology and histomorphometry. RESULTS: All implants were clinically and histologically osseointegrated. Healing patterns were examined microscopically at eight and twelve weeks. After eight and twelve weeks, for hard tissues, the distance from the implant shoulder to the first bone-to-implant contact (IS-C) was higher for control group in the lingual aspect with statistical significance (P < 0.05). For soft tissues (STL), the distance from the top of the peri-implant mucosa to the apical portion of the junction epithelium (PM-Je) was significantly less on the lingual aspect in the test group (with wider abutment) at eight and twelve weeks (P < 0.05). The distance from the top of the apical portion of the junction epithelium to the first bone-to-implant contact (Je-C) was significantly higher in the test group (wider abutment) in the lingual aspect at eight and twelve weeks (P < 0.05). There was no connective tissue contact with any abutment surface. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this animal study, anatomic healing abutments protect soft and hard tissues and reduce crestal bone resorption compared with concave-straight healing abutments.

Marco legal y tecnológico español para la gestión de datos clínicos en los servicios de Reproducción Asistida (parte I) / Spanish legal and technological framework for the management of clinical data related to assisted Human Reproduction (phase I)

Este trabajo constituye la primera parte de un estudio global realizado bajo el título: Marco legal y tecnológico español para la gestión de datos clínicos en los servicios de reproducción asistida. En esta primera fase del proyecto se realiza un estudio exhaustivo de la normativa española vigente acerca del tratamiento automatizado de datos clínicos de carácter personal en el ámbito de la reproducción asistida humana, así como de las obligaciones que la Ley impone sobre los centros públicos y privados que ofrecen estos servicios. Se realizará una exposición detallada de las obligaciones y derechos de los actores involucrados en estas actividades, y se dejarán marcadas las pautas de actuación para la segunda fase del proyecto. En la segunda fase del trabajo se llevará a cabo un estudio del marco tecnológico existente para la automatización de procesos y el diseño novel de una base de datos normalizada, para la custodia de este tipo de datos y tratamientos, mejorando el planteamiento actual. El objetivo de este diseño es homogeneizar el conjunto de valores, atributos, actores y actividades en el ámbito descrito, así como definir e implementar mecanismos seguros y estandarizados de acceso y gestión de datos clínicos propios de los servicios de reproducción asistida, dentro del marco legal vigente descrito en la fase primera del proyecto. Adicionalmente, esta base de datos proporcionará una base para la creación de almacenes de datos (data warehouses) en los que llevar a cabo estudios estadísticos y de investigación, que facilite además las tareas de auditoría y control sobre las actividades que se realizan en este campo, protegiendo siempre la privacidad de los actores. En definitiva, el estudio, desde el punto de vista legal y operativo de los parámetros y variables inherentes a las actividades realizadas en este tipo de servicios, la homogeneización de los datos, la disociación de datos clínicos, el diseño de un sistema de gestión y procesamiento de datos y tratamientos, la construcción almacenes de datos anonimizados y homogéneos, sienta las bases y abre vías de investigación para la aplicación de técnicas avanzadas de inteligencia artificial, minería de datos, estadística, o computación evolutiva, por mencionar algunas, con el objetivo común de definir modelos de soporte a la decisión a la selección de embriones, mejorar las tasas de éxito y el servicio prestado (AU)

This article is the first part of a global study entitled: spanish legal and technological framework for the management of clinical data related to assisted human reproduction. In this first phase of the project we present a comprehensive study of the Spanish legislation on the automated processing of personal clinical data in the context of assisted human reproduction, as well as the analysis of the obligations that the Law imposes on public and private institutions offering these services. In the second phase of this project, we will carry out a novel design of a standardized database for the management of such types of data and treatments, enhancing the current approach. The objective of this design is to standardize the set of values, attributes, actors and activities in the area described and to define secure and standardized mechanisms for accessing and managing clinical data specific to the assisted reproductive services. Moreover, our study provides the basis for the creationof anonymous data warehouses in which to conduct advanced statistical studies, thus facilitating the work of audit and control, while protecting the privacy of the actors involved and in compliance with the current legislation. Finally, a homogenized data warehouse allows for the application of artificial intelligence techniques to support the evaluation and the decision process in selecting embryos for transfer. In short, several aspects of this work are of high significance in the health field that concerns us, as it is, from a legal and operational standpoint, a novel in-depth analysis of the parameters and variables involved in these services. The homogenization of the data, the dissociation of clinical and personal data, the efficient design of a system for capturing, managing and processing data and treatments, provides the basis and opens lines of research for the application of techniques from artificial intelligence, data mining, statistics, biomedicine and evolutionary computation, to name a few, with the common goal of improving success rates and the service provided (AU)

Family variables related to behavioral problems in childhood.

The aim of this study is to ascertain whether there are any differences in the parenting practices received by two groups of children who obtain low-risk and high-risk scores, respectively, in relation to conduct problems and determine which parenting variables are linked with the presence or absence of this kind of problematic behavior. We selected a sample of 30 children between 6 and 14 years old with risk scores in behavioral problems according to the Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC), and another similar group with low scores in this variable. After applying the Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI) to both parents, we carried out a binomial logistic regression analysis which resulted in a prediction model for the 80% of the sample, composed of the Parenting variables: communication and role orientation from the mothers, and parental support, autonomy and limit setting (the most significant factor) from the fathers. Finally, the utility of results to raise intervention strategies within the family is discussed.

Relación entre el síndrome de burnout y el patrón de conducta tipo A en profesores / Relationship between the Burnout syndrome and Type A Behavior Pattern in teachers

En el presente estudio tratamos de determinar la relación existente entre los diversos factores que componen el Patrón de Conducta Tipo A (PCTA) y los que forman parte del síndrome de burnout en una muestra de 417 profesores de educación infantil, primaria y secuendaria (175 hombres y 242 mujeres). Para medir el PCTA y el burnout se utilizaron el Inventario de Actividad de Jenkins, forma H (JASE-H) y el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach, forma ED (MBI-Ed), respectivamente. El análisis de datos se desarrolló mediante pruebas de correlación bivariada, contraste de medias y análisis de regresión logística binomial. Los resultados muestran que el PCTA es un excelente predictor de las fases que componen el síndrome de burnout (AU)

The presence study tries to determine the relationship between Type A Behaviour Pattern (TABP) and burnout syndrome in a simple of 417 nursery, elementary and middle school teachers (175 males and 242 females). The Jenkins Activity Survey, Form H (JASE-H) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Form Ed (MBI-Ed), were administered to asses TABP and burnout, respectively. After conducting bivariate correlation, T-test and binomial logistic regression analyses results showed that TABP is an excellent predictor of the burnout syndrome phases (AU)

Cadmium-induced oxidative stress and the response of the antioxidative defense system in Spartina densiflora.

Spartina densiflora is an invasive cordgrass that is colonizing new habitats and ousting indigenous species in pro-oxidative environments like cadmium-polluted salt marshes in the Odiel estuary (Spain). The aim of our study was to characterize its antioxidative system in order to find out if the system underlies the tolerance of S. densiflora to cadmium toxicity. S. densiflora plants were firstly evaluated to ascertain its antioxidative status in the natural habitat and then they were cultured in the laboratory in unpolluted sand for 28 days. Throughout this period, plants acclimatized and oxidative stress markers reached stable low levels. Then, S. densiflora plants were exposed to cadmium concentrations (10, 100 and 1000 microM Cd) for another 28 days. Higher Cd content in leaves was related to higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing important oxidative cell damage (lipid peroxidation and lower chlorophyll content). However, S. densiflora possesses a well-organized and appropriately modulated antioxidative defense system which comprises enzymatic activities of guaiacol peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7), catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11) and superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) coupled with the activation of the ascorbate cycle, including enzymatic activities of glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2), dehydroascorbate reductase (EC 1.8.5.1) and monodehydroascorbate reductase (EC 1.6.5.4). This activation was sufficient to reduce Cd-induced ROS accumulation and oxidative damage caused by the lowest Cd-concentrations, but not by the highest Cd-concentration (1000 microM). Nevertheless, the antioxidant system seems to be efficient to achieve a tolerance to cadmium toxicity, allowing normal plant development, even at the presence of highest Cd concentration.

Effects of providing advance cues during a soccer penalty kick on the kicker's rate of success.

The effect of explicitly providing goalkeeper's movement advanced cue to the kicker during a real penalty kick task was assessed. 32 expert soccer players (M age= 23.2 yr.), who were divided into four groups: an experimental group, a discovery group, a placebo group, and a control group, participated. Rate of success in the task was assessed, as well as goals, decision times, and ball flight times. Providing an advance cue significantly improved the players' rate of success relative to players without the advance cue; this difference was still present after 1 and 7 days without training. The experimental group adapted better to the time range within which the response could be effective, while the discovery group showed adaptations. Explicit instructions about the advance cues available from goalkeepers' actions before the dive during practice can improve penalty kick performance.

Tactical skills and ball speed during a field simulation of penalty kick strategies in soccer.

This study investigates the efficacy of intermediate penalty kickers by comparing the effect of applying an automated WiFi system on the field of play to simulate a strategy that takes account of goalkeeper action (dependent) with another for which goalkeeper strategy is irrelevant (independent). Intermediate penalty kickers (n=12) took a pretreatment test of 32 kicks in a "real-play" situation with intermediate goalkeepers (n=3). Two groups of kickers underwent 11 treatment sessions using different strategies and then were administered a posttreatment test. The variables measured were the number of goals scored, whether the direction of the shot was the same or different from the direction of the goalkeeper's move (DDG), ball speed, and the duration of the kicking movement. Data suggested the goalkeepers had a greater capacity to identify advance cues when faced with independent strategy kickers and that dependent strategy kickers achieved lower ball speeds.

Aplicación de Terapia V. A. C. ® en herida perineal tras intervención de Miles / V. A. C. ® Therapy Application on Perineum wound after a miles operation or miles resection

Primer galardonado con el Premio Terapia V.A.C.® 2009, en su tercera convocatoria, y en la modalidad de mejor caso clínico. Se aplica a una mujer joven, que padece obesidad (BMI: 39), y ha sido diagnosticada de carcinoma de recto mediante rectoscopia(AU)

Report rewarded with the V.A.C.® 2009 Therapy First Prize, as part of its third officially announced contest, in the discipline of best clinical case. This operation was carried out on a young woman who suffered from obesity (BMI:39) and who had been diagnosed by means of rectoscopy for colorectal carcinoma(AU)

Differences between expert and novice soccer players when using movement precues to shoot a penalty kick.

In the present study, effects of using precues of the goalkeeper's movements during a penalty kick on the penalty taker's response time and rate of success when selecting the points at which shots were taken were evaluated. 20 male players included 10 expert players (M=25.7 yr., SD=4.2 yr.) and 10 novices (M=22.1 yr., SD=2.5 yr.), whose response time, decision making, and foveal vision in a simulated penalty kick task were evaluated. Analysis showed greater decrease in response time for the expert group (102 msec.) than for the novice one (47 msec.). Mean response time was 172 msec. for experts and 189 msec. for novices. The rate of success (i.e., shooting at the side opposite to the goalkeeper's movement) increased from an initial rate of 58% for both groups to 91.3% in the Expert group and 90.7% in the Novice group. Anticipation of both groups improved with explicit knowledge of precues.

[V.A.C. therapy application on perineum wound after a Miles operation or Miles resection]. / Aplicación de Terapia V.A.C. en herida perineal tras intervención de Miles.

Report rewarded with the VA.C. 2009 Therapy First Prize, as part of its third officially announced contest, in the discipline of best clinical case. This operation was carried out on a young woman who suffered from obesity (BMI:39) and who had been diagnosed by means of rectoscopy for colorectal carcinoma.